a class room action research

Improving Student’s Vocabulary Mastery using Audio Visual Aids (AVA)
(A Classroom Action Research at SDIT NURUL ISLAM Pare Kediri)
Skripsi
In practical fulfillment of the requirement of language research assignment of fifth semester in English department of teacher training and education faculty university of Nusanatara PGRI Kediri



1. Ayu ananda putri 08.1.01.08.0025
2. Feni rusdiana 08.1.01.08.0100
3. Devinta shita dewi 08.1.01.08.0301
4. Naza Ariefta 08.1.01.08.0165
5. Nenes aningtyas 08.1.01.08.0166
6. Nurjanah 08.1.01.08.0180
7. Pitri setyo 08.1.01.08.0191
8. Prischa Ayu L.C 08.1.01.08.0193
9. Rani anggraini 08.1.01.08.0199
10. Sandra R. 08.1.01.08.0216
11. Siti uswatun 08.1.01.08.0230
3-B


ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
TEACHING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
UNIVERSITAS NUSANTARA PGRI KEDIRI
2010

Chapter 1
Introduction

A. Background of Study
In Indonesia, English is categorized a foreign language because English is not our language and it has different word and structure with our language. In addition, English also as International Language which is used in International communication. So, in order to know recent information in the world we are demanded to master English.
Because of the important role of English, recently English is taught from kindergarten or elementary school. English teacher in these levels needs more knowledge about young learners besides mastering English. It is done because young learners have certain characteristics that differ from adult learner, namely: children can not learn abstract things, their interest is restricted to themselves and surroundings, etc. by knowing these characteristic, teacher can make consideration in choosing the method and material in teaching this subject.
As stated in Elementary School curriculum, teaching English consists of four language skills, they are: listening, speaking, writing and grammatical. The four language skills are supported by language aspects such as vocabulary, pronunciation, and structure. Actually, mastering vocabulary is essential in learning English, because it is the basic component to learn the four language skills.
Fauzianti (2005: 155) “States that Vocabulary is Central to Language”, without a sufficient vocabulary, one cannot communicate or express his idea both oral and written form.
SDIT NURUL ISLAM is one of Islamic Elementary School in Pare and English is the main subject in this school, because of the important role of mastering vocabulary in learning English, some teachers in this school put emphasizes of English subject in the first semester on teaching vocabulary. In each meeting, the teacher drills of the week.
In fact, after conducting an observation in SDIT NURUL ISLAM, the writer found three problems in mastering English vocabulary.
First, the student pronunciation is still poor. It can be seen when they pronounce the word “table” and “computer”, they pronounce those words as /table/ and /computer/ that exactly should be pronounced /te’bl/ and /kom’pju:te(r)/. The writer thinks that their pronunciation is influenced by their mother tongue and the spelling of the word.
Second, their spelling is also poor. It can be seen when they write the word “cat”, “bed”, and “window”. The students write the words as “ket”, “bet”, and “windou”. It is because their spelling is influenced by the pronunciation of the word. In fact, the pronunciation and spelling in English words are different.
Third, their capability of the concept of meaning is not so bad, but sometimes they are still confused to the word that its object is closed, such as wall and ceiling. It can be proved, when the teacher pointed the “blackboard” picture, some students mentioned “wall”. In contrary, when the teacher pointed ”blackboard” picture they mentioned “wall”.
Nation (1990) in read (2000: 26) stated that knowing a word cover some components, they are: form, position, function, and meaning. Form consists of spoken and written form, Position consists of grammatical pattern and collocation, function consists of frequency and appropriateness of the word with other word.
In this research, the writer only applies some components, such as spoken form (pronunciation), written from (spelling) and concept of meaning. It is done because only those aspects appropriate with the young learners.
To solve some problems above the writer tries to use audio visual aids in teaching vocabulary. Audio visual aids are devices which are audible (can be heard) and visible (can be seen) (Hamzah, 1985: 11). By using this aid the students can watch the cartoon video that represent the vocabulary and also listen its pronunciation from the native speaker. It will make them feel interested in learning vocabulary, because they can watch the image of the object directly. In fact, the students’ interest will influence their capability in mastering vocabulary.
In applying this method, the writer uses repetition to teach vocabulary.
Brook (1964) in Fauziati (2005: 34) states that in repetition the students repeat an utterance aloud as soon as he has heard it.
So, after the student to the native speaker of the video and look up the image of the vocabulary, the teacher asks them to initiate and repeat it.
Indeed the writer is interested in improving the students’ vocabulary and in this research the writer will try to apply audio visual aid as a media in teaching vocabulary. Those writers will do a research entitled.
Improving Student’s Vocabulary Using Audio Visual Aids.
(A Class room action research at SDIT NURUL ISLAM)
B. Scope of the research
This class room action research study was conducted for the first semester in first year students at SDIT NURUL ISLAM Pare – Kediri. In this research using audio visual aids to improve student’s vocabulary. After the student to the native speaker of the video and look up the image of the vocabulary, the teacher asks them to initiate and repeat it.

C. Research question
Based on the background of the study above, the writer formulates the research into the questions as follows:
1. Can audio visual aids improve the student’s vocabulary?

D. Objective of the study
There are some objectives of this study:
1. General objective :
Improving the student’s vocabulary by teaching using audio visual aids.
2. Specific objective
It is to:
a) Describe the implementation of audio visual aids in improving student’s vocabulary, especially in its pronunciation, spelling, and concept of meaning.
b) Describe the find whether audio visual aids improve the students’ vocabulary especially in its pronunciation, spelling and concept of meaning.
c) Describe the students’ response to the technique implemented that is using audio visual aids.




E. Benefit of the study
The research will give some benefit as follows:
1) Theoretical benefit
 The research can be useful to other researcher who wants to conduct a research that is related to the same theme that is vocabulary.
 The research will give clear description on the implementation of teaching vocabulary using audio visual aids in improving student’s vocabulary.
2) Practical benefit
 The result of teaching vocabulary using audio visual aids can be reference for English teacher in order to improve the student’s vocabulary using audio visual aids.
 The result of learning using audio visual aids can be useful for the students in improving their vocabulary.
 The writer will get clear description of the implementation of teaching English using audio visual aids and apply this technique in real teaching.








Chapter II

A. Vocabulary.
A vocabulary is a set of word known to a person or other entity, or that are part of a specific languange. The vocabulary of a person is defined either as the set of all words that are understood by that person or the set of all words likely to be used by that person when contructing new sentence.
Incresing the size of one’s vocabulary, also called vocabulary building, is generally concidered to be an important part of both learming a language and improving one’s skills in a language in which one is already proficent. Hence schoolchildren are often taught new words. Colloquaially reffered to as voab words or just vocab, as a part of a particular unit or lesson. Similary, many adults find vocabulary building to be a fun and educational activity, as evidenced in the popularity of “ word a day” services such as mailing lists and destop calendars.

B. Vocabulary acquisition.
The process of learning a native or a second language, how children learn to speak is not perfectly understood, most explantions involve both the observation that chldren what they hear and the inference that human beings have a natural aptitude for understanding grammar. The acquisition of second or foreing language studied primarily by applied linguistis. Pepole learning a second language pass through some of the same stages, including overgenaralization as do children learning their native language.
The task of teaching vocabulary acquisition skills usually falls to language arts teachers. This is a significant responsibility because formal learning. The kinds of learning that students that students do in school. Demands vocabulary knowledge.


C. Teaching vocabulary using audiovisual aids.
Audio visual aids in one form or the other have been use in teaching or learning process. Audio visual aids are those devices or procedures that help to make teaching and learning more interesting, more stimulating more reinforcing and more effective. Because audo visual aids can be both heard and seen, They include television and films.
Some view points :
1. A good’s dictionary of education : audio visual aids imply anything by means of which learning process may be encoraged on carried on through the sesse of hearing or the sese of sight

2. Carter V. Good : audio visual aids are those which help in compliting the triagular process of learning i.e, motivation, classification and stimulation.


3. Edger dale : audio visual aids are those devices by the use of which communication of ideas between persons and groups in various teaching and training situation is helped. These are also termed aas multi sensory materials

4. Kinder, S james : audio visula aids are any device which can be used to make learning experience more concrete, more realistic and more dynamic



D. Procedure in teaching using aodivisual aids.
In teaching english using audio visual aids the teacher befor teach must know :
1. leavel of students.
2. find audio visual aids fit with the student’s leavel.
3. choice the good and interesting audio visual aids.
When teacher play audio visual the students hear and see than the students repeat the vocabulary and write down in the paper.



E. Rationale
The rationale of the action research to improving student’s vocabulary using audio visual aids will be better in pronunciation, speaking and concept of meaning.









F. Hypotesis.
Based on the above statement the writer proposes the hypothesis of this action as follows :
The use of AVA to teaching vocabulary in SDIT NURUL ISLAM PARE KEDIRI can improve the student’s vocabulary.









Chapter III
Research method

A. Research design
This class room action research was carried in SDIT NURUL ISLAM PARE – KEDIRI. The subjects of this research are all of the first year students of SDIT NURUL ISLAM, mainly 1A class in improve thair English vocabulary mastery.
It is expected that they will be able to imrpove their own vocabulary mastery as soon as they are learning English vocabulary by using AVA. The students in this class are 30 students consisting of ten male and twenty famale students.
B. Research prosedure
a) General description of the research
This research was implemented by means of a cyclical model, which has activities beginning with:















b) Detail of research procedure
1. Preparation
There are six steps to be done before conducting the actions, they are:
1) Prepare the themes and subject the themes to be presented
2) Prepare the audio visual aids used as the teaching media
3) Prepare the vocabulary test dialing with the selected themes or sub themes
4) Design the main procedure how to present audio visual aids as teaching media
5) Prepare the monitoring instruments as well a instruments for evaluation
6) Prepare the formula how to sore the students test

2. Implementation
The implementation of this research was carried out during the school hours. The writer carried but her classroom action reseacrh by her self without any others, because she had been their English teacher. So it was not so difficult to conduct this her research , because she had been familiar enough with the whole class members.she planned to hold her research based on the planned progras that she had proposed. She belived that she would be able to improve thephenomena, condition existing in the classroom.

3. Monitoring and evaluation
The writer held on the monitoring as long as the school were going on. It was carried out by the writer without any other helps. The monitoring as focused on the use of audio visual as the teaching media toward the improvement of their vocabulary mastery.evaluation was carried to know whether or not the applied action, that use of audio visual aids as teaching media, can improvee the students vocabulary mastery.


4. Analysis and reflection
Test is also considered as another importent thing to analyze the needed data in the reseacrh. The test is used to get the data about learning using audio visual.
Rianto ( 1996 : 83 ) state that test means a series of practices or questions that is used to measure ability, skill, knowledge, intelligence, and talent of someone or group. In the other word, test is a series of practice or questions that must be answered to measure the abiity of the students. Then, the student’s ability is shown by number of the test items that they can do correctely.

Meanwhiie, Hornby (1986:3) says that achievement is something achieved or done successfully with effort or skill. It can be said that achievement test is a series of practice or questions used to measure whether the effort done by the students are successful or not.

Based on the statement above, the researcher use the achievement test on English vocabulary because the resesearher wants to know and measure the students achievement in comprehending words, mainly the key words written in the given texts. Test,which is used as the instrument for collecting data. In this research the writer used test formulated in the forms of objetive test, which multiple choice.

5. Place and time of the research
a. place
In this study, the writer give explanation that the research was held in the first years students in SDIT NURUL ISLAM PARE – KEDIRI.
b. About time
To determine how long the research must be held, it’s necessary to arrange the time schedule of the researh according to the activities which are done for the research while the time of the research was at 20 November 2010 until the end of Maret 2011.

C. Techique of collecting the data
the techniques of data collection in this research are teaching using audio visual aids, test and observation. In this research was teaching using audio visual aids and given a test to the students.